SEC Company Response from FRANKLIN RESOURCES INC (BEN) (CIK 0000038777) (BEN) — Mar 31, 2005
FRANKLIN RESOURCES INC (BEN) (CIK 0000038777)
Date: March 31, 2005 · CIK: 0000038777 · Accession: 0000909518-05-000219
AI Filing Summary & Sentiment
Referenced dates: March 18, 2005
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[Letterhead of Franklin Resources, Inc.]
March 31, 2005
Mr. Kevin W. Vaughn
Branch Chief
Division of Corporation Finance
United States Securities and Exchange Commission
450 Fifth Street, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20549
Re: Franklin Resources, Inc.
Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2004
File No. 0-09318
Dear Mr. Vaughn,
We have received your letter dated March 18, 2005. Please see our responses
below.
Note 13: Commitments and Contingencies
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1. Comment:
Please revise to address the following regarding your accounting under FIN
46-R for the entities in which you are a significant variable interest
holder, including Lightning Finance Company Limited (LFL):
o In particular, you state on page 83 that the sole business purpose
of LFL is to finance your deferred commission assets. Supplementally
provide us with your analysis of the guidance of FIN 46-R that
resulted in your determination not to consolidate LFL. Your response
should specifically address how you considered the criteria in
paragraph 5 and 14 of FIN 46-R.
o It appears that Mr. Francis Ennis and Mr. David Shubotham are
directors in Franklin Floating Rate Fund PLC as well as in LFL. Tell
us whether any other officers, directors, or employees of you or
your affiliates are also officers or directors of LFL or are
investors in LFL. Tell us how you considered the guidance of
paragraphs 16 and 17 of FIN 46-R regarding related parties and de
facto agents in your application of the guidance of FIN 46-R to LFL.
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o Please revise your footnote disclosure to more clearly disclose your
determination of whether you needed to consolidate the entities in
which you are a significant variable interest holder. For such
entities where you determined that consolidation was not required
under FIN 46-R, briefly disclose why not.
o We may have further comment based on your response.
Response:
Lightning Finance Limited
The following summarizes relevant facts and circumstances relating to
Lightning Finance Limited ("LFL") in determining whether LFL should be
considered a variable interest entity under the Financial Accounting
Standards Board Interpretation No. 46, "Consolidation of Variable Interest
Entities" ("FIN 46") and under Financial Accounting Standards Board
Interpretation No. 46, "Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities"
(revised December 2003) ("FIN 46-R").
Our analysis was performed as of June 30, 2003, the date at which a
subsidiary of a multinational financial institution (the "A Shares
Holder") had substantially entered into an agreement to purchase the
majority ownership in LFL from a third-party not affiliated with Franklin
Resources, Inc. and its subsidiaries ("FRI"). We considered this
transaction to be the initial triggering event under FIN 46, as discussed
in paragraph 38 of FIN 46-R. As a result of the agreement, the A Shares
Holder acquired a 51% equity interest in LFL through holdings in ordinary
A shares issued by LFL. Neither the A Shares Holder nor its affiliates are
affiliated with FRI. Templeton Global Holdings, Ltd. ("TGHL"), a wholly
owned indirect subsidiary of Franklin Resources, Inc., owns the remaining
49% equity interest in LFL through its investment in ordinary B shares
issued by LFL. No other parties owned an equity interest in LFL. The A
Shares Holder and TGHL share in the net income (loss) of LFL in the same
proportion as their respective equity interest. In addition, under a
Senior Subordinated Debt Agreement (the "Subordinated Debt") TGHL
previously agreed to advance up to $70 million to LFL. As of June 30,
2003, outstanding Subordinated Debt was $41 million.
In accordance with paragraph 5a of FIN 46-R, we reviewed whether the total
equity investment at risk in LFL was sufficient to permit the entity to
finance its ongoing activities. Based on our review of recent borrowing
history and availability of other sources of cash flow, such as through
securitization transactions, we could not conclude that the total equity
investment at risk in LFL was sufficient to permit the entity to finance
its activities without additional financial support. As more fully
described below, we performed further analysis.
Our analysis also included consideration of whether the equity investment
holders as a group lacked one or more of the three characteristics of a
controlling financial interest under paragraph 5b of FIN 46-R. Under LFL's
Articles of Association, A shares (held by the 51% equity interest holder)
and B shares (held by the 49% equity interest holder) rank pari passu,
meaning that holders of A and B shares have equal rights and privileges.
Page 2
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In addition, holders of A and B shares may each appoint up to three
directors. As of June 30, 2003 and through today, there are 4 directors on
LFL's board, of which two are independent (one appointed by each equity
holder). Of the remaining two directors, one is an officer of an affiliate
of the A Shares Holder and one is an officer of FRI. All directors' votes
have equal weight except when voting is not unanimous, in which case each
director's vote is proportional to the equity interest of the equity
holder who appointed them. As of June 30, 2003, Frank Ennis and David
McGeough were the independent directors appointed by the equity holders.
As you noted, Frank Ennis and David Shubotham, both current directors of
LFL, serve as directors of the Franklin Floating Rate Fund, PLC. Neither
holds an equity or other type of investment in LFL or in the Franklin
Floating Rate Fund, PLC, nor are they associated with any other FRI
affiliates, and thus they are independent directors of both entities.
Except for the director appointed by FRI as discussed above, no other
officer, director or employee of FRI or its affiliates was also an officer
or director of LFL as of June 30, 2003 and through today. Based on the
voting rights and board make-up, we concluded that, as a group, the
holders of the equity investments had the ability to make decisions about
the entity's activities in a manner proportionate to their voting rights,
under paragraph 5b(1). In addition, LFL's Articles of Association do not
include any clauses that would indicate that, as a group, the holders of
the equity investment do not have the obligation to absorb the expected
losses or the right to receive the expected residual returns of the
entity, as specified under paragraphs 5b(2) and 5b(3) of FIN 46-R, in
proportion to their respective equity interest.
Finally, we reviewed whether the voting rights of some investors were not
proportional to their obligation to absorb the expected losses, their
rights to receive the expected residual returns, or both, under paragraph
5c of FIN 46-R. In this respect, we concluded that the Subordinated Debt
raised the question as to whether or not the equity investors have rights
that are proportional to their obligation to absorb the expected losses of
the entity. We concluded that LFL was a variable interest entity subject
to consolidation by the primary beneficiary under FIN 46-R because of
facts and circumstances that met the conditions in paragraphs 5a and 5c.
We then proceeded to determine if FRI was the primary beneficiary and thus
required to consolidate LFL.
To determine whether FRI would be considered the primary interest holder
under paragraph 14 of FIN 46-R, we performed a test to calculate FRI's
expected loss using data as of June 30, 2003, including the existence of
$41 million in outstanding Subordinated Debt. The test included
assumptions derived from historical information used by an affiliate of
the A Shares Holder to calculate the fair value of LFL deferred commission
assets. In performing the test, we considered whether any related parties
had a variable interest under paragraphs 16 and 17 of FIN 46-R. As noted
above, no officers, directors, or employees of FRI or its affiliates owned
an equity interest in LFL, therefore we determined that no additional
variable interests should be considered in performing FRI's expected loss
test in addition to the equity and sub debt interest held by TGHL.
The results of the test indicated that FRI's interest in the expected
losses of LFL were marginally above 49% (49.000002%), reflecting the low
probability of default on the Subordinated Debt. Consequently, we
determined that FRI was not the primary beneficiary of LFL. Separately,
Page 3
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the parent of the A Shares Holder consolidated LFL in its consolidated
accounts for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2003. There have not been
any further triggering events since the purchase of the majority of LFL's
equity interest by the A Shares Holder under paragraphs 7 and 15 of FIN
46-R that would have led us to re-perform the expected loss test, and we
continue to disclose our maximum exposure to loss as required for
significant variable interests by paragraph 24 of FIN 46-R.
Separately, we wish to let you know that LFL's board recently agreed that
the Subordinated Debt currently held by TGHL will be purchased from TGHL
by an affiliate of the A Shares Holder. In addition, LFL's board has
agreed to dissolve LFL's existing syndicated bank loan facility and an
affiliate of the A Shares Holder will instead fund future liquidity needs.
Sponsored Investment Products
In Note 13 to our consolidated financial statements included in Form 10-K
as of September 30, 2004, we disclosed our maximum exposure to loss in our
sponsored investment products, as well as LFL as discussed above, as
required for significant variable interests under paragraph 24 of FIN
46-R. We determined that a significant variable interest to be generally
in line with significant influence in accordance with paragraph 17 of
Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 18, "The Equity Method of
Accounting for Investments in Common Stock", which defines a significant
interest as an interest in voting stock of an investee of between 20% and
50%, as amended by Emerging Issue Task Force Topic No. D-46, "Accounting
for Limited Partnership Investments" ("EITF D-46"), which defines a
significant interest in a limited partnership as an investment of more
than 3 to 5 percent. Investments in limited liability companies were also
treated in accordance with EITF D-46.
Our disclosure includes open and closed end investment products as well as
partnership vehicles distributed in various global jurisdictions. On
initial implementation of FIN 46-R, we performed a quantitative test on
all of our sponsored investment products to determine FRI's variable
interest percentage in each product. In general, two methodologies were
used. For the vast majority of our products that did not have
characteristics that would indicate that the equity interest of investors
were not proportional to their obligations to absorb the expected losses
of the entity, their rights to receive the expected residual returns of
the entity, or both, such as the existence of subordinated debt issued to
an equity holder, we performed a simplified test based on estimated
volatility of each product's performance. If the test results indicated
that FRI's variable interest was between 20 and 50 percent (or between 5
and 50 percent for L.P.'s and L.L.C.'s), we disclosed these as significant
variable interest holdings.
In addition, there were a number of private equity investments vehicles
that contained certain variable return clauses that led us to perform
simulation testing on initial implementation of FIN 46-R. If the
simulation results indicated that we held a variable interest between 20
and 50 percent (or between 5 and 50 percent for L.P.'s and L.L.C.'s), we
disclosed these as significant variable interest holdings. We have
continued to use our initial approach in subsequent filings, including our
consolidated financial statements included in Form 10-K as of September
30, 2004.
Page 4
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Revision to Note 13: Commitments and Contingencies
In future filings, we intend to revise our commitments and contingencies
note as follows:
"We have reviewed our interest in LFL, a company incorporated in
Ireland whose sole business purpose is to finance our deferred
commission assets, for consolidation under FIN 46-R. Based on our
analysis, we determined that we hold a significant interest in LFL
but we are not the primary beneficiary of LFL because we do not hold
a majority of the risks and rewards of ownership. As of September 30,
2004, LFL had approximately $475.7 million in total assets and our
exposure to loss related to LFL was limited to the carrying value of
our investment in LFL and loan, interest and fees receivable from LFL
totaling approximately $53.2 million. We have also reviewed our
sponsored investment products for consolidation under FIN 46-R. We
have determined that, in relation to certain of these products, we
hold a significant interest but are not the primary beneficiary,
because we do not hold a majority of the risks and rewards of
ownership. As of September 30, 2004, total assets in sponsored
investment products in which we held a significant interest were
approximately $1,553.5 million and our exposure to loss as a result
of our interest in these products was $256.1 million. These amounts
represent our maximum exposure to loss and do not reflect our
estimate of the actual losses that could result from adverse
changes."
Note 21: Fair Value of Financial Instruments
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2. Comment:
In future filings, please provide a tabular presentation of the fair value
and carrying amount of the financial instruments you discuss in your
disclosure. Refer to paragraph 10 of SFAS 107 as revised by SFAS 119.
Provide drafts of your intended revisions.
Response:
As requested, we will include a tabular presentation of the fair value of
financial instruments in accordance with paragraph 10 of Statements of
Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No. 107, "Disclosures about Fair
Value of Financial Instruments" as revised by SFAS No. 119, "Disclosure
about Derivative Financial Instruments and Fair Value of Financial
Instruments", beginning with our 2005 Annual Report on Form 10-K. Although
the carrying values, which approximate the fair values, of our financial
instruments are disclosed in our Consolidated Balance Sheet and in var