SEC Company Response from DIGITAL ANGEL CORP (CIK 0000771252) — Sep 14, 2005
DIGITAL ANGEL CORP (CIK 0000771252)
Date: Sept. 14, 2005 · CIK: 0000771252 · Accession: 0001104659-05-044189
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CORRESP 1 filename1.htm September 14, 2005 [W & W Letterhead] Philip T. Colton Direct Dial: (612) 604-6729 Direct Fax: (612) 604-6929 pcolton@winthrop.com VIA EDGAR/COURTESY COPY FEDERAL EXPRESS Ms. Kathleen Kerrigan Securities and Exchange Commission 100 F Street N.E. Washington, DC 20549 RE: Digital Angel Corporation Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2004 Filed March 8, 2005 Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2005 File No. 1-15177 Dear Ms. Kerrigan: On behalf of Digital Angel Corporation, a Delaware corporation, we are responding to the comments and requests made by you and Ms. Hauber during our conference call on Wednesday, August 31, 2005 and our subsequent conversation later that afternoon. We have responded to each of the comments/requests and have preceded each response with the related Staff Comment/Request. 1. Please advise the applicability of SOP 97-2 and if the Company believes that this literature is not applicable, please explain why. Response: A typical OuterLink system consists of data terminal hardware, communication services and software tools that enable clients to visually track and display real-time and historical information about the assets under their control. The data terminal hardware includes a CPU. The data terminal hardware transmits and receives over specific OuterLink dedicated frequencies to OuterLink’s network operations center and when used in connection with OuterLink’s software enables the communication of position and location reports, fleet status information as well two way messaging. A more complete description of OuterLink’s business and product is attached as Exhibit A hereto. Paragraph 2 of SOP 97-2 states in part “…It does not apply, however, to revenue earned on products or services containing software that is incidental to the products or services as a whole.” Footnote 2 to this paragraph states in part “Indicators of whether software is incidental to a product as a whole include (but are not limited to) (a) whether the software is a significant focus of the marketing effort or is sold separately, (b) whether the vendor is providing post contract customer support, and (c) whether the vendor incurs significant costs that are within the scope of FASB Statement No. 86…” OuterLink’s proprietary software is licensed only to customers that purchase the OuterLink transceiver (the CP2) and sign a service agreement. The software license automatically terminates upon the termination of the service agreement. Additionally, the license cannot be transferred or assigned to anyone else. The customers are not purchasing from OuterLink a license to use software in their day to day business, they are purchasing the ongoing ability to track in real-time the location of their fleet of aircraft and to send and receive messages directly to/from one or more aircraft. As such, the software is incidental to the service and not subject to SOP 97-2. OuterLink, in its marketing material briefly discusses its software but such discussion is limited to stating that it may be installed on a standalone system or network, its ability to interface with other software and the data which is provided. Additionally, except as additional installations for existing customers, the software is not sold separately from the transceiver and the service agreement. There is limited post contract support for one year which provides for maintenance but not software upgrades, if any. Lastly, OuterLink currently incurs only nominal costs associated with the delivery of the software to customers. The Company infrequently upgrades the software and the outsourced costs associated with such upgrades are nominal. Additionally, only one license is required in order for the customer to track multiple aircraft. In general, the relative cost is $5,000 for the software license, $12,000 for one transceiver - the CP-2 (each aircraft must have its own transceiver) and $100 per month per transceiver for the tracking service. Based upon the criteria set forth in SOP 97-2, the Company considers the software an incidental component of the service being provided and therefore it is appropriate that the licensing fee be amortized over the estimated number of months of service the Company provides on the hardware units it sells. 2. Please provide a copy of Outerlink’s sales documentation. Response: Attached to this response, as Exhibit B and Exhibit C, respectively, is a copy of Outerlink’s standard terms and conditions and form of Communications Services Agreement. 3. Advise how the Company determined that a 30 month period was an appropriate period over which to recognize Outerlink’s product revenue and expenses. Response: The Company initially determined the deferral period by estimating the timeframe over which the Company’s product (transceiver hardware, software and service) would be utilized by a customer. The Company took into consideration the estimated life of the hardware unit, the relatively short period of time the product had been available, the estimated release date of new versions and the Company’s estimated experience at that time. The Company intends to monitor the average service period annually to determine if a longer or shorter period of time should be utilized over which to recognize OuterLink product revenue and associated product costs. 2 4. Advise as to whether the resale of Outerlink product by Outerlink customers occurred since the Company acquired Outerlink in January 2004 or whether these resales occurred since the inception of Outerlink. Response: In April 2005 OuterLink became indirectly involved in facilitating the transfer of four transceiver hardware units owned by a former customer to an existing customer. The transfer resulted in the Company earning additional consideration (about $2,000) for conducting an inspection and recertification of the transceiver hardware. To the best of the Company’s knowledge, no other resale of Outerlink product has occurred over the approximate 5 years that its product has been available. 5. Please explain why the Company believes that revenues and expenses associated with Outerlink hardware and software sales should be deferred over a period of time as opposed to being immediately recognized; addressing in particular EITF 00-21’s mention that product that should be considered a separate unit of accounting if the product can be resold. Response: EITF 00-21 paragraph 9, states that in the case of an arrangement containing multiple deliverables, the delivered item(s) should be considered separate if all conditions are met. The focus of this response, as requested by the staff, is condition “a”. Condition “a” provides that “the delivered item has to have value to the customer on a standalone basis. That item(s) has value on a standalone basis if it is sold separately by any vendor or the customer could resell the delivered item(s) on a standalone basis.” The software component of the Outerlink deliverables has no separate functionality, and accordingly, does not fall under SOP 97-2 accounting. It is not separable from the transceiver 3 hardware (the CP-2 unit) delivered for revenue recognition purposes. The software and transceiver hardware represent a singe deliverable for such purposes. Further, combined or separately, they have no utility without the separate “tracking” service provided by OuterLink. Customers using the Company’s proprietary products cannot obtain the “tracking” service from any other provider. If a CP-2 unit were to be sold by a pre-existing customer, the buyer does NOT acquire an item that has standalone value. Such a buyer cannot acquire BOTH the transceiver hardware and the software from the resale marketplace. As previously discussed, the resale of the software to 3rd parties is both contractually prohibited by OuterLink and the use of said software by anyone requires that a license fee be paid to OuterLink. Therefore, a CP-2 unit has no resale marketplace. Even if the hardware is capable of being resold (the above analysis notwithstanding) the sale is not on a standalone basis because the hardware is not functional with any other software but OuterLink’s, nor can the transceiver hardware be modified/retrofitted to make the proprietary spectrum frequency, used in conjunction with the Company’s leased satellite capacity, compatible with a competitor’s service. The CP-2 unit could be resold (absent the Company’s involvement) only for scrap as it would be nonfunctional. Without Outerlink’s tracking services, a 3rd party buyer does not have any viable alternatives to render the acquired transceiver hardware useable and capable of function. The 3rd party transceiver hardware buyer needs to go to the Company, acquire the software, pay a license fee to OuterLink and enter into the agreements for the license and service that are only offered by the Company in order to have anything of value at all. We do not believe the resale standalone criteria have been met merely by an ability of an owner of a tangible item being able to resell the item without regard to its subsequent utility. If that were the case, then virtually all tangible items not legally restrictable would so qualify. In point of fact, Outerlink in its nearly 5 year history (including its prior operations independent of Digital Angel Corporation) has, to the best knowledge of the Company, had only one case of such a resale transfer of transceiver hardware take place. Specifically, the Company became indirectly involved in facilitating the transfer of transceiver hardware owned by a former customer who was unfortunately unhappy with its service to an already existing customer, who was. That unusual and isolated case, involving 4 transceiver hardware units (out of approximately 1,700 units sold to date) resulted in the Company earning additional consideration (about $2,000) for conducting an inspection and recertification of the transceiver hardware - since the customer was not new, there was no software or license involved. Notwithstanding the limited and unusual nature of the facts involved in this transfer, the Company agreed to provide service to the resold units (and charged a reactivation fee to do so etc. and earns a monthly fee for tracking them) because it perceived that action and the resale from an unhappy to a happy customer to be in its best business interests at that time. The Company reserves the right to make the determination of when, as and if used product can be used after a resale with a presumption that such an action is not permissible. Accordingly, it is not reasonably certain that the Company “would” agree to provide service to any 3rd party transferees (unlike the EITF example #1 involving the cell phone). A completely different 4 analysis by the Company is involved where a new customer becomes the 3rd party transferee. In any case, it would a decision solely within the discretion of the Company. Furthermore, the question as to whether the Company “would” provide the service does not appear to us to be germane to the resale analysis. In Example 6 of EITF 00-21 (Bio-tech/Pharma Co.) it was determined that the technology license granted by Bio-tech to Pharma Co. had no standalone value because were Pharma Co. to sublicense the technology to 3rd Party Co., the new sublicense (3rd Party Co.) would in turn still be required to utilize Bio-tech Co. to do the research and development on the drug because of the existing contractual arrangements. In other words, the analysis in this example by the EITF concluded simply and strictly on the basis of the contractual arrangements between the parties that the technology license between Bio-tech Co. and Pharma Co. had no standalone value. The EITF analysis did not include any discussion as to whether Biotech Co. “would” agree to perform the research and development for 3rd Party Co., since such consideration was deemed irrelevant to the analysis of standalone value. We believe that the fact pattern and conclusion in Example 6 fits Outerlink’s fact pattern and conclusion. Therefore, we believe it is correct to conclude that the item(s) delivered by OuterLink never have standalone value, neither individually nor in tandem (transceiver hardware plus software) nor do they ever have standalone value to 3rd parties absent a service agreement. The service provided by OuterLink of monitoring/messaging is what the customer is buying from OuterLink and neither item works without the service agreement. The Company’s accounting for the license, the activation charge and the gross profit applicable to the transceiver hardware delivered are combined and recognized as revenue over the estimated number of months of service the Company provides on the hardware units it sells . In this case, 30 months is used since that bears proper and reasonable relationship to the utility and value of what OuterLink provides from the perspective of its customer, which is the treatment required by GAAP. 6. Below is draft language discussing in more depth the goodwill analysis, which would be included in future filings. Response: Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates Goodwill, Intangibles and Other Long-Lived Assets On January 1, 2002, we adopted SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets.” SFAS No. 142 requires that goodwill and certain intangibles no longer be amortized but instead be tested for impairment at least annually by applying a fair value based test. There was no impairment of goodwill upon the adoption of SFAS 142 on January 1, 2002. In addition, there was no impairment of goodwill as a result of our 2004 annual impairment review. However based upon an annual review for impairment in 2003 and 2002, we recorded impairment charges of $3.0 million and $57.4 million in the fourth quarters of 2003 and 2002, respectively (of which $3.0 million and $25.9 million in 2003 and 2002, respectively, related to our Medical Systems segment and is included in discontinued operations). The impairment charge in 2002 5 related to the goodwill at the GPS and Radio Communications reporting unit. In accordance with FAS 142, we are required to allocate goodwill to the various reporting units. As of December 31, 2004 the reporting units consisted of the following (the reporting units listed below are those businesses, which have goodwill and for which discrete financial information is available and upon which management makes operating decisions): • Animal Applications (goodwill of $44.0 million) • Signature Industries, Ltd. (goodwill of $1.2 million) • OuterLink Corporation (goodwill of $3.8 million) We engaged an independent valuation firm to review and evaluate the goodwill as reflected on our books as of December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002. Independently, the valuation firm reviewed the goodwill of the various reporting units. The Company’s management compiled the cash flow forecasts, growth rates, gross margin, fixed and variable cost structure, depreciation and amortization expenses, corporate overhead, tax rates, and capital expenditures, among other data and assumptions related to the financial projections upon which the valuation reports were based. The valuation firm’s methodology including residual or terminal enterprise values were based on the following factors: risk free rate of 10 years; current leverage (E/V); leveraged beta – Bloomberg; unleveraged beta; risk premium; cost of equity; after-tax cost of debt; and weighted average cost of capital. These variables generated a discount rate calculation. The assumptions used in the determination of fair value using discounted cash flows were as follows: •