SEC Company Response from Strategic Education, Inc. (STRA) (CIK 0001013934) (STRA) — Oct 8, 2014
Strategic Education, Inc. (STRA) (CIK 0001013934)
Date: Oct. 8, 2014 · CIK: 0001013934 · Accession: 0001213900-14-007147
AI Filing Summary & Sentiment
File numbers found in text: 000-21039
Referenced dates: September 24, 2014
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Strayer
Education, Inc.
Making
education achievable for working adults
FOIA
Confidential Treatment Requested
by
Strayer Education, Inc. Pursuant to 17 C.F.R. §200.83
October
8, 2014
Mr. Larry
Spirgel
Assistant
Director
Division
of Corporation Finance
U.S. Securities
and Exchange Commission
100 F Street,
NE
Washington,
DC 20549-7010
RE:
Strayer Education, Inc.
Form
10-K for the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2013
Filed
February 26, 2014
Form
10-Q for Fiscal Quarter Ended June 30, 2014
Filed
August 1, 2014
Response
Dated September 15, 2014
File
No. 000-21039
Dear Mr. Spirgel:
On
behalf of Strayer Education, Inc. (“Strayer” or the “Company”), we respectfully submit below Strayer’s
response to the comments of the Staff (the “Staff”) of the Securities and Exchange Commission contained in your letter
dated September 24, 2014. For your convenience, we have set forth below the Staff’s comment in italics, followed by Strayer’s
response thereto.
Form
10-K for the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2013
Management’s
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Critical
Accounting Policies, Revenue Recognition, page 39
1. We
have considered your response to comment 1 and we note that your new Graduation Fund
program is offered “as an extra incentive to encourage your students to continue
their studies through to graduation.” It therefore appears as though the Graduation
Fund was designed to change undergraduate student behavior and it is consequently unclear
to us how pre-program historic student behavior can provide a company specific basis
for revenue recognition under the new program. In this regard, please tell us the following:
In
the third quarter of 2013, we introduced the Graduation Fund, which allows new undergraduate students to earn tuition credits
that are redeemable in the final year of a student’s course of study if he or she successfully remains in the program. In
their final academic year, students will be provided one free course for every three courses that were successfully completed.
In order to receive this benefit, students must remain enrolled in their program over time, and students will lose any benefit
if their enrollment ceases for more than one consecutive academic term.
2303 Dulles Station Boulevard ●
Herndon, VA 20171
Phone 703-247-2500 ● www.strayereducation.com
We
primarily serve non-traditional students, most of whom are working adults. Our students know they would benefit from a college
degree, which is why they enroll at Strayer, but many do not complete their degree program for a variety of reasons. These reasons
include challenges in meeting the requirements of a post-secondary higher education program, given that most have been out of
school for an extended period of time, together with other life responsibilities such as career and family. Most of the students
who do not complete their degree program withdraw from Strayer within the first four quarters of enrollment. Given this behavior,
it has been our experience that persistence rates (defined as percentage of students continuing from one academic quarter to the
next through to graduation) by cohort of new students have been predictable and relatively consistent, even with various scholarship
programs and changes in tuition.
In
determining the appropriate accounting for the Graduation Fund benefit, we concluded that we could reasonably estimate the expected
value of free courses that students would receive as part of this program each quarter and, in accordance with ASC 605-50-25-7,
we recorded deferred revenue for that amount. We believe we have been able to reasonably estimate the amount of benefit to be
realized based on the predictability of the persistence rate for our students over time.
In
deriving our estimates, we segregated our student population by number of incoming transfer credits since those with a higher
number of credits have a shorter period of remaining terms before being able to realize the Graduation Fund benefit. We analyzed
historical experience of students at different levels of transfer credits and applied such persistence rates to the corresponding
levels within the current population. We believe that analyzing our data in this level of detail supports the comparability of
our historical populations and further improves the precision of our estimates.
We
also had historical experience with similar types of scholarship programs which enabled us to reasonably estimate the impact the
Graduation Fund would have. One program in particular, our Bachelor’s Completion Scholarship, offered a tuition discount
of $1,000 per quarter for up to 17 quarters for eligible students. This was the equivalent of a 29% discount per quarter since
a student was required to take at least two courses paying $1,725 per course or $3,450 total tuition in a given quarter. This
program was available to qualifying new undergraduate students, similar to the Graduation Fund, and we noted that students enrolled
in this program continued their courses of study at slightly higher rates than those who were not part of this program. The slight
improvement in persistence that we observed from this scholarship was used in our Graduation Fund assumptions.
In
addition, we had the benefit of observing actual persistence rates in the first quarter of the program before reporting financial
results for that quarter. We launched the Graduation Fund in our 2013 summer academic quarter which aligns with our fiscal 2013
third quarter. Therefore, we knew how many students that had been eligible for the Graduation Fund in the summer term were registered
for classes in the ensuing fall academic quarter, in order to validate our persistence rate assumptions. Our experience shows
that the largest amount of term-to-term student attrition occurs between the first and second term of attendance. Therefore, the
continuation of students participating in the Graduation Fund from summer to fall provided significant insight into student behaviors
under the program. Such rates were consistent with our initial estimates.
2
We
have continued to monitor the actual experience of each cohort of students as compared to anticipated continuation to refine our
estimates of persistence. This monitoring has provided significant evidence as to the reasonableness of our estimates over time.
Student attrition is significantly concentrated in the first year after enrollment. Now, a year after introduction of the program,
adjustments to our estimates of persistence rate for eligible students have not been material, representing less than 1.3% of
Revenue from Eligible and Participating Students in any given quarter, and less than 0.2% of our quarterly tuition revenue.
In
future filings we propose the following example disclosure:
In
the third quarter of 2013, we introduced the Graduation Fund, which allows new undergraduate students to earn tuition credits
that are redeemable in the final year of a student’s course of study if he or she successfully remains in the program. In
their final academic year, students will be provided one free course for every three courses that were successfully completed.
In order to receive this benefit, students must remain enrolled in their program over time, and students will lose any benefit
if their enrollment ceases for more than one consecutive academic term.
Revenue
from students participating in the Graduation Fund is recorded in accordance with the Revenue Recognition Topic, ASC 605. In accordance
with ASC 605-50-25-7, our estimates are based on a systematic and rational allocation of the cost of honoring the benefit earned
and claimed to each of the underlying revenue transactions that result in progress by the student toward earning the benefit.
The estimated value of awards under the Graduation Fund that will be recognized in the future is based on historical experience
of a student’s persistence in completing his or her course of study and earning a degree. Each quarter we assess our methodologies
and assumptions underlying our estimates and to date any adjustments to our estimates have not been material.
3
The
table below presents activity in the Graduation Fund for the periods indicated (in 000’s):
Balance as of July 1, 2013
$ –
Revenue deferred
678
Benefit redeemed
–
Balance as of September 30, 2013
678
Revenue deferred
1,220
Benefit redeemed
–
Balance as of December 31, 2013
1,898
Revenue deferred
1,418
Benefit redeemed
(36 )
Balance as of March 31, 2014
3,280
Revenue deferred
2,083
Benefit redeemed
(311 )
Balance as of June 30, 2014
$ 5,052
* * *
We
further respond to each of the Staff’s bullet points reproduced below in the order presented.
● The
eligibility criteria for this program and the numbers of eligible and of participating
students (if different),
New
students registering in credit-bearing courses in any undergraduate program for the summer 2013 term (fiscal third
quarter) and subsequent terms qualify for the Graduation Fund. Students must meet all of the University’s admission
requirements and not be eligible for any previously offered scholarship program. Our employees and their dependents are not
eligible for the program. To maintain eligibility, students must be enrolled in a bachelor’s degree program and take at
least two courses each quarter. A student becomes ineligible to participate in the Graduation Fund if he or she has more than
one consecutive term of non-attendance or by taking less than two courses. For the four academic terms beginning in summer 2013, a
total of 23,873 students were eligible, of which 14,722 participated in the program as of September 2014.
● The
amount of revenues received from Graduation Fund eligible and participating students
in each reporting period to date,
All
new undergraduate students are eligible (with the few exceptions described above) and automatically participate in the Graduation
Fund program. Students lose their eligibility to participate if they are not enrolled for more than one consecutive term.
Because
of the commercially sensitive nature of the information contained therein, Strayer has included the amount of revenues received
from Graduation Fund eligible and participating students in each reporting period in a separate Exhibit A to this letter,
for which, pursuant to 17 C.F.R. § 200.83, Strayer requests confidential treatment under the Freedom of Information Act,
5 U.S.C. § 552. Please promptly inform the undersigned of any request for disclosure of the material included in Exhibit
A made pursuant to the Freedom of Information and Privacy Act or otherwise so that the undersigned may substantiate the foregoing
request for confidential treatment in accordance with Rule 83.
4
● Your
forecasted Graduate Fund utilization amounts for future reporting periods, if material,
As
of June 30, 2014, the total liability for the Graduation Fund, representing the value of the future benefit expected to be redeemed
by participants in the Graduation Fund, was approximately $5.1 million. Of this amount, approximately $0.9 million was included
in Current Liabilities because it is expected to be realized in the next twelve months, and approximately $4.2 million was included
in Other Long-term Liabilities representing the amount expected to be realized after twelve months.
● The
practical methodologies you used to recognize Graduation Fund deferred revenues. For
example, tell us whether you recognize such deferred revenues upon a student’s
completion of each third undergraduate course or whether such deferred revenues are recognized
on a pro-rata basis as each eligible undergraduate course is completed,
For
the number of students that we anticipate will persist in the program until the final year of instruction, we defer
revenue on a pro-rata basis as each eligible undergraduate course is successfully completed. As previously discussed, our
estimates are based upon relevant historical experience. Further, each academic term (and corresponding fiscal quarter), we
have the benefit of observing actual persistence rates before reporting financial results for that quarter and can
incorporate such experience into our estimates. Students lose their eligibility to participate in the Graduation Fund program
if they are not enrolled for more than one consecutive quarter.
● Your
rationale for using pre-Graduation Fund historical continuation rates as a basis for
estimating future continuation rates and deferred revenues under this new program,
We
follow accounting guidance prescribed by ASC 605 with respect to revenue recognition and contingent sales incentives. Specifically,
ASC 605-50-25-7 states a “vendor shall recognize [benefits] as a reduction of revenue based on a systematic and rational
allocation of the cost of honoring [the benefit] earned and claimed to each of the underlying revenue transactions that result
in progress by the customer toward earning the [benefit].” In the case of the Graduation Fund, a student earns pro-rata
benefits as each course is successfully completed but cannot realize these benefits until the student has completed 75% of his
or her degree program. Because student persistence rate is not 100% and thus the full benefit of the Graduation Fund will not
be realized, the amount that ultimately will be realized “should be considered if it can be reasonably estimated.”
Further, “the ability to make a reasonable estimate of the amount of future [benefits] depends on many factors and circumstances
that will vary from case to case.”
5
In
our case, we believe the value of the award provided under the Graduation Fund program that ultimately will be realized could
be reasonably estimated at the time we introduced the Graduation Fund and we continue to be able to reasonably estimate the value
of the award. As discussed above, we know from actual experience and based on the nature of our non-traditional students that
not all of them will complete their course of study. In order to estimate deferred revenues under the Graduation Fund, we used
actual historical persistence rates for students not receiving a tuition benefit, plus a small increment based on our experience
with students who participated in a comparable tuition benefit program that we introduced in 2012. We believe it is reasonable
to use persistence rates from the prior program because the financial benefit to students was similar to the benefit offered under
the Graduation Fund. For instance, the benefit available under the Bachelor’s Completion Scholarship in 2012 provided for
a tuition discount of approximately 29% for new students who remained enrolled at Strayer University, which is comparable to the
benefit available under the Graduation Fund, i.e. a student receives one free course after successfully completing three courses.
We
observed slightly