SEC Comment Letter for Cardiff Oncology, Inc. (CRDF) (CIK 0001213037) (CRDF) — Jan 27, 2012
Cardiff Oncology, Inc. (CRDF) (CIK 0001213037)
Date: Jan. 27, 2012 · CIK: 0001213037 · Accession: 0000000000-12-004568
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File numbers found in text: 000-54556
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January 27, 2012 Via E-mail Dr. Antonius Schuh, Ph.D. Chief Executive Officer TrovaGene, Inc. 11055 Flintkote Avenue, Suite B San Diego, CA 92121 Re: TrovaGene, Inc. Amendment No. 1 to Registration Statement on Form 10-12G/A Filed December 30, 2011 File No. 000-54556 Dear Dr. Schuh: We have reviewed your filing and have the following comments. In some of our comments, we may ask you to provide us with information so we may better understand your disclosure. Please respond to this letter within ten business days by amending your filing, by providing the requested information, or by advi sing us when you will provide the requested response. If you do not believe our comments apply to your fact s and circumstances or do not believe an amendment is appropriate, pl ease tell us why in your response. After reviewing any amendment to your filing and the information you provide in response to these comments, we ma y have additional comments. General 1. As you are aware, your Form 10 goes effective by lapse of time with in 60 days of the date filed pursuant to Excha nge Act Section 12(g)(1). Please note that the effectiveness of your Form 10 will commence your periodic reporting obligations under the Exchange Act even if all of our comments have not yet been resolved. 2. Please note that where we provide examples to illustrate what we mean by our comments, they are examples and not exhaus tive lists. If our comments are applicable to portions of the filing that we have not cited as examples, please make the appropriate changes in accordance with our comments. Dr. Antonius Schuh, Ph.D. TrovaGene, Inc. January 27, 2012 Page 2 Item 1. Business, page 3 3. To the extent material, please expand the Bu siness section to discuss the sources and availability of the raw materials used in your research and development, and the names of principal suppliers. Please refer to Item 101(h)(4)(v) of Regulation S-K. Background, page 3 4. It is unclear from your filing whether a nd when you intend to seek FDA approval for your product. Pages 4, 8, 10, and 15 suggest you intend to seek FDA approval, yet on page 16 you state your expectation that your pr oduct candidates will be “an LDT and not a diagnostic kit,” and therefore not subject to FDA regulation. Please revise your filing to clearly explain your intent ion. If you intend to seek FDA approval for your product, please clearly so state on pa ge 3 when you discuss your planned pursuit of a CE Mark, and revise the risk factor on pages 15-16 en titled “If the FDA were to begin regulating genomic tests . . .” accordingly. Please also expand your filing to disclose when you intend to pursue regulatory approval. 5. On page 3, you state that you in-licensed a new DNA-based biomarker specific for a subtype of AML. Since 2006, you have execute d out-license agreem ents incorporating this biomarker with Ipsogen S.A. and Asurag en, Inc., which has re sulted in royalty and license fee revenues. In addition, you have also signed license agre ements with various labs including LabCorp, Invivoscribe, Sky line Diagnostics, MLL Munich Leukemia and Warnex, each of which entitles you to various payments under certain circumstances. Please revise your disclosure in the Business section to describe the material terms of each agreement. In this resp ect, the descriptions on pages F-37 and F-38 must also be expanded as necessary. Your disclosure in the Business secti on should include the following information: The name of each party to each material license agreement; The material obligations of each part y, including any financial obligations; A description of the royalty rates payabl e under the agreement, expressed within a ten percent range (for example, “single digits,” “teens”, “twenties,” etc); The potential aggregate mile stones payable, if any; The amounts paid to date; The term of the agreement; and The termination provisions of the agreement. In addition, please file all iden tified license agreements as exhibits to your Form 10, or provide us with a legal analysis as to why these agreements need not be filed pursuant to Item 601(b)(10)(2)(ii) of Regulation S-K. 6. Please define the abbreviation “CLIA” in the first instance you use this term. Dr. Antonius Schuh, Ph.D. TrovaGene, Inc. January 27, 2012 Page 3 Our Technologies, page 4 7. On page 4, you describe clini cal trials that you conducted in India. Please clearly indicate in your filing, wherever you discuss these clinical trials , that these clinical trials have not been sanctioned by the FDA nor c onducted under the guidance of the FDA, and that the results of these clini cal trials are irrelevant to your ability to receive regulatory approval. 8. Please expand your discussion on page 4 to pr ovide more detail rega rding the clinical trials conducted in India. Your descript ion should include the following information: When the clinical study was held; How long the clinical study was active; How you targeted patients to enroll; Whether you conducted this study with any other parties; and The steps taken to ensure th e accuracy of the results. The Market, page 5 9. Please provide sources for all quantified info rmation on pages 5-8 of this section. 10. Please define the abbreviations “RA” on page 6, “EGFR” on page 7, and “OEM” on page 8. Our Business Strategy, page 8 11. Please expand your disclosure to describe the significance of a CLIA lab, the term “home brew,” and how these relate to the FDA approval process. Research and Development, page 9 12. On page 9, you state that you have a “small group of dedicated scie ntists.” Please quantify the number of scientists that are located in your San Diego office. 13. You indicate that it is your “goal” to have at least two self-funded development projects ongoing at all times. Please estimate when you anticipate meeting this goal. Manufacturing and Distribution, page 10 14. You indicate that you plan to introduce assa ys into the marketplace through ASR or LDTs in CLIA licensed laboratories. Please estimate when you anticipate meeting this goal. Dr. Antonius Schuh, Ph.D. TrovaGene, Inc. January 27, 2012 Page 4 Government Regulation, page 10 15. You state on page 3 of your filing that you will pursue a CE mark for marketing approval. However, the process for receiving a CE mark is not described in this subsection. Please revise your filing accordingly. Item 1A. Risk Factors “Our independent registered public accounti ng firm has expressed doubt . . .,” page 11 16. The title of this risk factor indicates that there is a ri sk to your company that your questionable ability to continue as a goi ng concern may hinder your ability to obtain future financing. However, this risk is not disc ussed in the risk factor text. Please revise accordingly. “We will need to raise substantial additiona l capital to commercialize . . .,” page 11 17. Please quantify your working capital as of the latest practicable date. 18. You disclose in this risk fact or that your existing capital re sources will not be sufficient to fund your operations for the next 12 mont hs. Please disclose how long your existing resources will fund your operations. Please also approximate how much additional capital you will need to sustai n operations for 12 months. 19. To the extent practicable, please quantify the additional capital you will need to advance your current product candidates to market. 20. On page 12 in this risk fact or, you indicate that “if” your cap ital resources are insufficient to meet future requirements you will have to raise additional funds to continue the development and commercialization of your technology. However, on page 11 you indicate that you do not have existing capital resources to fund your operations for the next 12 months. Please revise this risk factor on page 12 to clearly indicate that your capital resources are insufficient to meet future requirements. “Reimbursement may not be available for products based upon . . .,” page 13 21. This risk factor appears to disc uss a risk that is substantiall y similar to the risk discussed on page 12 entitled “Our ability to succe ssfully commercialize our technology will depend largely upon the extent to which third-pa rty payors reimburse our tests.” Please revise your filing to comb ine these risk factors. Dr. Antonius Schuh, Ph.D. TrovaGene, Inc. January 27, 2012 Page 5 “If our potential medical diagnostic tests are unable to compet e effectively . . .,” page 13 22. This risk factor appears to discuss a risk that is substa ntially similar to the risk immediately prior to it on page 13 entitled “Many of our competit ors have financial, marketing and human resource asse ts greater than ours . . . .” Please revise your filing to combine these risk factors. “Our failure to convince medical practitione rs to order tests using . . .,” page 14 23. This risk factor appears to disc uss a risk that is substantiall y similar to the risk discussed on page 13 entitled “The commercial success of our product candidates will depend upon the degree of market acceptance of these pr oducts among physicians, patients, health care payors and the medical community.” Please revise your filing to combine these risk factors. “Our failure to obtain human urine samples from medical institutions . . .,” page 14 24. The last three sentences of this risk factor appear to discuss a risk that is not described in the heading of this risk factor , and appear to be more approp riate to the discussion of the risk described in the risk factor on page 13 entitled “The commercial success of our product candidates will depend upon the degree of market acceptance . . . .” Please revise your filing to incorporate the discussion of your need for the support of thought leaders into the earlier risk factor. “We depend upon our officers, and if we are not able to retain them . . .,” page 14 25. Please identify your key employees. 26. If you have had difficulty attracting pers onnel in the past, please so disclose. “If we do not receive regulatory approvals, we will not be able to develop . . .,” page 15 27. You indicate on page 3 that one of your corporat e priorities is to pursue and receive a CE Mark for your HPV urine-based test. Ho wever, you do not mention the risk of not receiving a CE Mark in this risk factor. Please revi se accordingly. “If the FDA were to begin regulating genomic tests, we could be forced . . .,” page 15 28. Please expand this risk factor to briefly describe the FDA regulations Quality System Regulation and Medica l Device Reporting. Dr. Antonius Schuh, Ph.D. TrovaGene, Inc. January 27, 2012 Page 6 “We may incur substantial costs as a result of litigation or other proceedings . . .,” page 17 29. If third parties have previously challenged the validity of your patents, please so disclose to describe the circumstances. “We have not paid dividends on our comm on stock in the past . . .,” page 19 30. Please clearly state in this risk factor that reader s should not rely on an investment in your company if they require dividend income. Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analys is of Financial Condition and Results of Operations Critical Accounting Policies Royalty and License Revenues, page 21 31. Please include a description of your collaborative agreements to identify th e products or product candidates that are the subject of your research. Disclose e ach party’s rights and obligations under the agreement and termination provisions. To the extent that the agreement grants licenses to any of the part ies, the terms of the license(s) should be described. Allowance for Doubtful Accounts, page 21 32. Please disclose the nature of your accounts receivable. Also di sclose any significant debtor concentration. Clarify why accounts receivable increa sed significantly during the periods presented. Research and Development, page 22 33. Please provide quantitative and qualitative di sclosure about the amount of costs, both internal and external, incurred during each peri od presented and incurred to date on each of your major research and deve lopment projects. To the exte nt that you cannot attribute costs to a project, please expl ain why management does not ma intain and evaluate those costs by project. Convertible Debentures, page 23 34. Please tell us what authoritative literatu re you used to account for the Forbearance Agreement entered into during 2009 and for the subsequent modifications and the eventual extinguishment of your convertible debentures. Dr. Antonius Schuh, Ph.D. TrovaGene, Inc. January 27, 2012 Page 7 Results of Operations, page 23 35. Please provide a more robust discussion explai ning the change in revenues during the three months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010; and the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010. Item 3. Properties, page 25 36. Please file your lease as an exhibit to your Form 10 pursuant to Item 601(b)(10)(2)(iv) of Regulation S-K. Item 5. Directors and Executive Officers, page 26 37. Please expand the biographical information of Ms. Cerrone to describe her business experience from January 2005 to July 2008. Pl ease refer to Item 401(e)(1) of Regulation S-K. Director Independence, page 28 38. You state that a majority of the board consists of members that are currently “independent,” as that term is defined under NASDAQ listing standards. Please identify all independent directors. Please refer to Item 407(a) of Regulation S-K. Item 6. Executive Compensation, page 29 Summary Compensation Table, page 29 39. Please update this table, and the compensa tion tables on page 30, with compensation information for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011. Item 9. Market Price of and Dividends on the Registrant’s Comm on Equity and Related Stockholder Matters, page 33 40. Please update the Equity Compensation Plan Information table on page 34 to provide information for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011. 41. We note your disclosure regarding equ ity compensation plans not approved by stockholders. Please briefly descri be the material features of these plans. Please refer to Item 201(d)(3) of Regulation S-K. Dr. Antonius Schuh, Ph.D. TrovaGene, Inc. January 27, 2012 Page 8 Item 10. Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities, page 34 42. Regarding each instance of private placement financings, please name the persons or identify the class of persons to whom the securities were sold. Please refer to Item 701(b) of Regulation S-K. Consolidated Financial Statements Consolidated Statements of Operations, page F-4 43. Tell us why you do not present revenues fr om royalties separately from revenues attributable to license fees on the face of your consolidated statements of operations. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 3. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Royalty and License Revenues, page F-15 44. It is unclear from your current policy note di sclosure how your policy is applied to each of your revenue streams. For example, typically consideration allocate d to license fees is recognized when earned if the license has st and-alone value. Revenue on substantive milestone payments is recognized in the pe riod in which the milestone is achieved. Royalty revenue is generally recorded in the same period as the sales that generate the royalty payment. Please revise your policy not e here and in the MD&A to discuss your revenue recognition policy separately for each of your revenue streams. Please refer to ASC 605-25 as necessary in your response. Consolidated Financial Statements at September 30, 2011, unaudited 45. Please revise your interim fi nancial statement disclosures based on the preceding comments, as applicable. We urge all persons who are responsible for th e accuracy and adequacy of the disclosure in th