SEC Company Response from Korro Bio, Inc. (KRRO) (CIK 0001703647) (KRRO) — Sep 13, 2019
Korro Bio, Inc. (KRRO) (CIK 0001703647)
Date: Sept. 13, 2019 · CIK: 0001703647 · Accession: 0001193125-19-244532
AI Filing Summary & Sentiment
Reasoning
File numbers found in text: 333-233652
Referenced dates: August 13, 2019
Letter
VIA EDGAR AND HAND DELIVERY Division of Corporation Finance Attention: Donald Field Sharon Blume Re: Frequency Therapeutics, Inc. | Anticipated Price Range and Share-Based Compensation | Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-233652) September 13, 2019 Page 2
Dear Mr. Field:
On behalf of Frequency Therapeutics, Inc. (the “Company”), we submit this letter to the staff (the “Staff”) of the Division of Corporation Finance of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”). The Company confidentially submitted a draft of the above-referenced Registration Statement (the “Registration Statement”) to the Commission on July 19, 2019, resubmitted the Registration Statement to the Commission on August 22, 2019, and subsequently filed the Registration Statement with the Commission on September 6, 2019. The purpose of this letter is to respond to an outstanding comment relating to share-based compensation that was provided to the Company in a letter from the Staff dated August 13, 2019. Because of the commercially sensitive nature of the information contained herein, this submission is accompanied by the Company’s request for confidential treatment of selected portions of this letter pursuant to Rule 83 of the Commission’s Rules on Information and Requests, 17 C.F.R. §200.83. A redacted letter has been filed on EDGAR, omitting the confidential information contained in the Letter.
For the convenience of the Staff, we are providing to the Staff copies of this letter by hand delivery. In this letter, we have recited the prior comment from the Staff in italicized, bold type and have followed the comment with the Company’s response.
3. Once you have an estimated offering price or range, please explain to us the reasons for any differences between the recent valuations of your common stock and the estimated offering price. This information will help facilitate our review of your accounting for equity issuance including stock compensation and beneficial conversion features.
Estimated Preliminary IPO Price Range
The Company supplementally advises the Staff that, while not yet reflected in the Registration Statement, based on discussions with the Company’s board of directors (the “Board”) and reflecting input from the lead underwriters (the “Underwriters”) of the Company’s proposed initial public offering of its common stock (“IPO”), if the Company were to commence marketing of the IPO today, the Company presently anticipates that the estimated price range would be approximately $[***] per share to $[***] per share (the “Preliminary IPO Price Range”), with a midpoint of approximately $[***] per share (the “Preliminary Assumed IPO Price”), before giving effect to an anticipated reverse stock split. The Company advises the Staff that the final range to be included in a pre-effective amendment to the Registration Statement will include a price range of no more than $2.00, if the maximum price is $10.00 per share or less, or 20% of the high end of the range, if the maximum price is greater than $10.00 per share, unless otherwise approved by the Staff.
The Company’s final range to be included in a pre-effective amendment to the Registration Statement remains under discussion between the Company and the Underwriters, and a bona fide price range will be included in an amendment to the Registration Statement prior to any distribution of the preliminary prospectus in connection with the Company’s road show.
Summary of Recent Option Grants and Common Stock Valuation
The estimated fair value of the Company’s common stock has been determined by the Board as of the date of each stock option grant or restricted stock award (“RSA”), with input from management after considering third-party valuations of the common stock, as well as the Board’s assessment of additional objective and subjective factors that it believed were relevant and which may have changed from the date of the most recent third-party valuation through the date of the grant. This valuation methodology has been applied as there has been no public market to date for the common stock of the Company. These third-party valuations were performed in accordance with the guidance outlined in the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants’ Accounting and Valuation Guide, Valuation of Privately-Held-Company Equity Securities Issued as Compensation, and were prepared using a hybrid method, which is a probability-weighted expected return method (“PWERM”) where the equity value in one or more of the scenarios is calculated using an option pricing method (“OPM”).
CONFIDENTIAL TREATMENT HAS BEEN REQUESTED BY
FREQUENCY THERAPEUTICS, INC.
September 13, 2019
Page 3
The Company’s most recent third-party valuations, which were used, in part, by the Board to determine the fair value of the Company’s common stock as of the grant date of each option and/or restricted stock award, considered a combination of the following three future-event scenarios: an IPO scenario, a sale scenario, and a liquidation scenario. The equity value of the Company in the IPO scenario and the sale scenario was determined using market approaches. The IPO scenario assumed that all shares of preferred stock would convert into shares of common stock and would no longer have the liquidation preferences and preferential rights attributable to the preferred stock as compared to the common stock prior to the IPO. Each valuation probability-weighted the future-event scenarios based on the Company’s assessment of its development pipeline and market conditions at that time. For the IPO scenario and the sale scenario, the Company then applied a discount for lack of marketability (“DLOM”), each determined by a put option analysis that considered the timing of each future-event scenario.
Since July 1, 2018, equity awards were granted as follows at the exercise or sale price that the Board determined to be the fair value per share of the Company’s common stock on that date:
Grant Date
Type
of
award
Number of Shares Subject to Award Granted
Per Share Exercise Price of Options or Sale Price for RSAs
Fair Value per Share of Common Stock on Grant Date
December 5, 2018
Options
315,000
$ 0.26
$ 0.26
December 5, 2018
RSAs
50,000
$ 0.26
$ 0.26
April 17, 2019
Options
15,995,329
$ 0.50
$ 0.50
May 20, 2019
Options
1,000,000
$ 0.50
$ 0.50
August 2, 2019
Options
1,215,000
$ 1.11
$ 1.11
August 18, 2019
Options
1,250,000
$ 1.11
$ 1.11
September 11, 2019
Options
850,000
$ 1.58
$ 1.58
The Board’s determination of each fair value was based, in part, on the results of a third-party valuation of the Company’s common stock performed on October 31, 2018 (the “October 31, 2018 Valuation”), March 31, 2019 (the “March 31, 2019 Valuation”), July 19, 2019 (the “July 19, 2019 Valuation”), and September 6, 2019 (the “September 6, 2019 Valuation”).
December 5, 2018 Option and Restricted Stock Grants. The Board determined that the fair value of the Company’s common stock was $0.26 per share as of December 5, 2018 based on input from management, the objective and subjective factors that it believed were relevant and the results of the October 31, 2018 Valuation. The October 31, 2018 Valuation was prepared taking into account the sale of shares of the Company’s Series B preferred stock to new and existing investors on October 17, 2018, at a price of $0.92 per share for total consideration of $40.0 million. In the October 31, 2018 Valuation, the independent third-party valuation specialist used a hybrid back-solve method considering three scenarios in a PWERM framework and using the OPM to allocate value in one of the scenarios. The scenarios
CONFIDENTIAL TREATMENT HAS BEEN REQUESTED BY
FREQUENCY THERAPEUTICS, INC.
September 13, 2019
Page 4
included: a trade-sale scenario predicated on the Series B financing that transpired prior to the valuation date, an IPO scenario with reference to the arms’ length capital transaction, and a liquidation scenario. Under the hybrid method, the per share value calculated under the three scenarios are weighted based on expected exit outcomes and the quality of the information specific to each allocation methodology to arrive at a final estimated fair value per share of the common stock before a DLOM is applied. The October 31, 2018 Valuation (i) assigned a 75% probability of occurrence to the trade-sale scenario, with a 71% volatility rate and a 1.9-year weighted average estimated term applied within the OPM, then reflected a DLOM of 35%; and (ii) assigned a 5% probability of occurrence to the IPO scenario, with a 30% discount rate and a 1.0-year estimated term to an IPO event, then reflected a DLOM of 15%. The liquidation scenario was weighted at 20% with no value allocated to the common stock for this scenario.
April 17, 2019 and May 20, 2019 Option Grants. The Board determined that the fair value of the Company’s common stock was $0.50 per share as of April 17, 2019 and May 20, 2019 based on input from management, the objective and subjective factors that it believed were relevant, and the results of the March 31, 2019 Valuation. In the March 31, 2019 Valuation, the independent third-party valuation specialist used a hybrid back-solve method considering three scenarios in a PWERM framework and using the OPM to allocate value in one of the scenarios. The scenarios included: a trade-sale scenario predicated on a projected future M&A transaction, an IPO scenario with reference to guideline IPO transactions, and a liquidation scenario. Under the hybrid method, the per share value calculated under the three scenarios are weighted based on expected exit outcomes and the quality of the information specific to each allocation methodology to arrive at a final estimated fair value per share of the common stock before a DLOM is applied. The March 31, 2019 Valuation (i) assigned a 70% probability of occurrence to the trade-sale scenario, with a 79% volatility rate and a 1.9-year weighted average estimated term applied within the OPM, then reflected a DLOM of 30%; and (ii) assigned a 20% probability of occurrence to the IPO scenario, with a 30% discount rate and a 0.7-year estimated term to an IPO event, then reflected a DLOM of 12.5%. The liquidation scenario was weighted at 10% with no value allocated to the common stock for this scenario. The March 31, 2019 Valuation also took into consideration clinical data from the unblinding of the Company’s Phase 1 clinical trial for its primary product candidate, FX-322, in late January 2019 as well as the signing of a letter of intent on March 28, 2019 with Astellas Pharma, Inc. (“Astellas”) for a corporate collaboration centered around FX-322. Further, it also reflects that the Company was actively seeking a lead investor for its Series C preferred stock crossover financing, did not execute a term sheet until May 21, 2019, and did not fill out the financing syndicate until some time thereafter. The closing of this crossover financing was contingent on the closing of the corporate partnership with Astellas.
August 2, 2019 and August 18, 2019 Option Grants. The Board determined that the fair value of the Company’s common stock was $1.11 per share as of August 2, 2019 and August 18, 2019 based on input from management, the objective and subjective factors that it believed were relevant and the results of the July 19, 2019 Valuation. The July 19, 2019 Valuation was prepared taking into account the sale of shares of the Company’s Series C preferred stock to new and existing investors on July 17, 2019 at a price of $1.57 per share for total consideration of $62.0 million. In the July 19, 2019 Valuation, the independent third-party valuation specialist used a hybrid back-solve method considering two scenarios in a PWERM framework and using the OPM to allocate value in one of the scenarios. The scenarios included: a trade-sale scenario predicated on the Company’s Series C financing and an IPO scenario with reference to guideline IPO transactions. Under the hybrid method, the per share value calculated under the two scenarios are weighted based on expected exit outcomes and the quality of the information specific to each allocation methodology to arrive at a final estimated fair value per share of the common stock before a
CONFIDENTIAL TREATMENT HAS BEEN REQUESTED BY
FREQUENCY THERAPEUTICS, INC.
September 13, 2019
Page 5
DLOM is applied. The July 19, 2019 Valuation (i) assigned a 40% probability of occurrence to the trade-sale scenario, with a 79% volatility rate and a 1.5-year weighted average estimated term applied within the OPM, then reflected a DLOM of 30%; and (ii) assigned a 60% probability of occurrence to the IPO scenario, with a 25% discount rate and a 0.2-year estimated term to an IPO event, then reflected a DLOM of 10%. The July 19, 2019 Valuation also took into consideration the execution of the corporate collaboration with Astellas on July 17, 2019 and the confidential submission of the Registration Statement on July 19, 2019.
September 11, 2019 Option Grants. The Board determined that the fair value of the Company’s common stock was $1.58 per share as of September 11, 2019 based on input from management, the objective and subjective factors that it believed were relevant and the results of the September 6, 2019 Valuation. The September 6, 2019 Valuation was prepared taking into account the sale of shares of the Company’s Series C preferred stock to new and existing investors on July 17, 2019 at a price of $1.57 per share for total consideration of $62.0 million. In the September 6, 2019 Valuation, the independent third-party valuation specialist used a hybrid back-solve method considering two scenarios in a PWERM framework and using the OPM to allocate value in one of the scenarios. The scenarios included: a trade-sale scenario predicated on the Company’s Series C financing and an IPO scenario with reference to guideline IPO transactions. Under the hybrid method, the per share value calculated under the two scenarios are weighted based on expected exit outcomes and the quality of the information specific to each allocation methodology to arrive at a final estimated fair value per share of the common stock before a DLOM is applied. The September 6, 2019 Valuation (i) assigned a 15% probability of occurrence to the trade-sale scenario, with a 79% volatility rate and a 1.5-year weighted average estimated term applied within the OPM, then reflected a DLOM of 30%; and (ii) assigned a 85% probability of occurrence to the IPO scenario, with a 25% discount rate and a 0.24-year estimated term to an IPO event, then reflected a DLOM of 2.5%. The September 6, 2019 Valuation also took into consideration the execu
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CORRESP 1 filename1.htm CORRESP 53rd at Third 885 Third Avenue New York, New York 10022-4834 Tel: +1.212.906.1200 Fax: +1.212.751.4864 www.lw.com FIRM / AFFILIATE OFFICES FOIA CONFIDENTIAL TREATMENT REQUEST UNDER 17 C.F.R. §200.83 The entity requesting confidential treatment is: Frequency Therapeutics, Inc. 19 Presidential Way, 2nd Floor Woburn, MA 01801 Beijing Boston Brussels Century City Chicago Dubai Düsseldorf Frankfurt Hamburg Hong Kong Houston London Los Angeles Madrid Milan Moscow Munich New York Orange County Paris Riyadh San Diego San Francisco Seoul Shanghai Silicon Valley Singapore Tokyo Washington, D.C. Certain confidential information in this letter has been omitted and provided separately to the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested by Frequency Therapeutics, Inc. with respect to the omitted portions, which are identified in this letter by the mark “[***].” September 13, 2019 VIA EDGAR AND HAND DELIVERY CONFIDENTIAL U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission Division of Corporation Finance 100 F Street, N.E. Mail Stop 4720 Washington, D.C. 20549 Attention: Donald Field Dietrich King Andi Carpenter Sharon Blume Re: Frequency Therapeutics, Inc. | Anticipated Price Range and Share-Based Compensation | Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-233652) September 13, 2019 Page 2 Dear Mr. Field: On behalf of Frequency Therapeutics, Inc. (the “Company”), we submit this letter to the staff (the “Staff”) of the Division of Corporation Finance of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”). The Company confidentially submitted a draft of the above-referenced Registration Statement (the “Registration Statement”) to the Commission on July 19, 2019, resubmitted the Registration Statement to the Commission on August 22, 2019, and subsequently filed the Registration Statement with the Commission on September 6, 2019. The purpose of this letter is to respond to an outstanding comment relating to share-based compensation that was provided to the Company in a letter from the Staff dated August 13, 2019. Because of the commercially sensitive nature of the information contained herein, this submission is accompanied by the Company’s request for confidential treatment of selected portions of this letter pursuant to Rule 83 of the Commission’s Rules on Information and Requests, 17 C.F.R. §200.83. A redacted letter has been filed on EDGAR, omitting the confidential information contained in the Letter. For the convenience of the Staff, we are providing to the Staff copies of this letter by hand delivery. In this letter, we have recited the prior comment from the Staff in italicized, bold type and have followed the comment with the Company’s response. 3. Once you have an estimated offering price or range, please explain to us the reasons for any differences between the recent valuations of your common stock and the estimated offering price. This information will help facilitate our review of your accounting for equity issuance including stock compensation and beneficial conversion features. Estimated Preliminary IPO Price Range The Company supplementally advises the Staff that, while not yet reflected in the Registration Statement, based on discussions with the Company’s board of directors (the “Board”) and reflecting input from the lead underwriters (the “Underwriters”) of the Company’s proposed initial public offering of its common stock (“IPO”), if the Company were to commence marketing of the IPO today, the Company presently anticipates that the estimated price range would be approximately $[***] per share to $[***] per share (the “Preliminary IPO Price Range”), with a midpoint of approximately $[***] per share (the “Preliminary Assumed IPO Price”), before giving effect to an anticipated reverse stock split. The Company advises the Staff that the final range to be included in a pre-effective amendment to the Registration Statement will include a price range of no more than $2.00, if the maximum price is $10.00 per share or less, or 20% of the high end of the range, if the maximum price is greater than $10.00 per share, unless otherwise approved by the Staff. The Company’s final range to be included in a pre-effective amendment to the Registration Statement remains under discussion between the Company and the Underwriters, and a bona fide price range will be included in an amendment to the Registration Statement prior to any distribution of the preliminary prospectus in connection with the Company’s road show. Summary of Recent Option Grants and Common Stock Valuation The estimated fair value of the Company’s common stock has been determined by the Board as of the date of each stock option grant or restricted stock award (“RSA”), with input from management after considering third-party valuations of the common stock, as well as the Board’s assessment of additional objective and subjective factors that it believed were relevant and which may have changed from the date of the most recent third-party valuation through the date of the grant. This valuation methodology has been applied as there has been no public market to date for the common stock of the Company. These third-party valuations were performed in accordance with the guidance outlined in the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants’ Accounting and Valuation Guide, Valuation of Privately-Held-Company Equity Securities Issued as Compensation, and were prepared using a hybrid method, which is a probability-weighted expected return method (“PWERM”) where the equity value in one or more of the scenarios is calculated using an option pricing method (“OPM”). CONFIDENTIAL TREATMENT HAS BEEN REQUESTED BY FREQUENCY THERAPEUTICS, INC. September 13, 2019 Page 3 The Company’s most recent third-party valuations, which were used, in part, by the Board to determine the fair value of the Company’s common stock as of the grant date of each option and/or restricted stock award, considered a combination of the following three future-event scenarios: an IPO scenario, a sale scenario, and a liquidation scenario. The equity value of the Company in the IPO scenario and the sale scenario was determined using market approaches. The IPO scenario assumed that all shares of preferred stock would convert into shares of common stock and would no longer have the liquidation preferences and preferential rights attributable to the preferred stock as compared to the common stock prior to the IPO. Each valuation probability-weighted the future-event scenarios based on the Company’s assessment of its development pipeline and market conditions at that time. For the IPO scenario and the sale scenario, the Company then applied a discount for lack of marketability (“DLOM”), each determined by a put option analysis that considered the timing of each future-event scenario. Since July 1, 2018, equity awards were granted as follows at the exercise or sale price that the Board determined to be the fair value per share of the Company’s common stock on that date: Grant Date Type of award Number of Shares Subject to Award Granted Per Share Exercise Price of Options or Sale Price for RSAs Fair Value per Share of Common Stock on Grant Date December 5, 2018 Options 315,000 $ 0.26 $ 0.26 December 5, 2018 RSAs 50,000 $ 0.26 $ 0.26 April 17, 2019 Options 15,995,329 $ 0.50 $ 0.50 May 20, 2019 Options 1,000,000 $ 0.50 $ 0.50 August 2, 2019 Options 1,215,000 $ 1.11 $ 1.11 August 18, 2019 Options 1,250,000 $ 1.11 $ 1.11 September 11, 2019 Options 850,000 $ 1.58 $ 1.58 The Board’s determination of each fair value was based, in part, on the results of a third-party valuation of the Company’s common stock performed on October 31, 2018 (the “October 31, 2018 Valuation”), March 31, 2019 (the “March 31, 2019 Valuation”), July 19, 2019 (the “July 19, 2019 Valuation”), and September 6, 2019 (the “September 6, 2019 Valuation”). December 5, 2018 Option and Restricted Stock Grants. The Board determined that the fair value of the Company’s common stock was $0.26 per share as of December 5, 2018 based on input from management, the objective and subjective factors that it believed were relevant and the results of the October 31, 2018 Valuation. The October 31, 2018 Valuation was prepared taking into account the sale of shares of the Company’s Series B preferred stock to new and existing investors on October 17, 2018, at a price of $0.92 per share for total consideration of $40.0 million. In the October 31, 2018 Valuation, the independent third-party valuation specialist used a hybrid back-solve method considering three scenarios in a PWERM framework and using the OPM to allocate value in one of the scenarios. The scenarios CONFIDENTIAL TREATMENT HAS BEEN REQUESTED BY FREQUENCY THERAPEUTICS, INC. September 13, 2019 Page 4 included: a trade-sale scenario predicated on the Series B financing that transpired prior to the valuation date, an IPO scenario with reference to the arms’ length capital transaction, and a liquidation scenario. Under the hybrid method, the per share value calculated under the three scenarios are weighted based on expected exit outcomes and the quality of the information specific to each allocation methodology to arrive at a final estimated fair value per share of the common stock before a DLOM is applied. The October 31, 2018 Valuation (i) assigned a 75% probability of occurrence to the trade-sale scenario, with a 71% volatility rate and a 1.9-year weighted average estimated term applied within the OPM, then reflected a DLOM of 35%; and (ii) assigned a 5% probability of occurrence to the IPO scenario, with a 30% discount rate and a 1.0-year estimated term to an IPO event, then reflected a DLOM of 15%. The liquidation scenario was weighted at 20% with no value allocated to the common stock for this scenario. April 17, 2019 and May 20, 2019 Option Grants. The Board determined that the fair value of the Company’s common stock was $0.50 per share as of April 17, 2019 and May 20, 2019 based on input from management, the objective and subjective factors that it believed were relevant, and the results of the March 31, 2019 Valuation. In the March 31, 2019 Valuation, the independent third-party valuation specialist used a hybrid back-solve method considering three scenarios in a PWERM framework and using the OPM to allocate value in one of the scenarios. The scenarios included: a trade-sale scenario predicated on a projected future M&A transaction, an IPO scenario with reference to guideline IPO transactions, and a liquidation scenario. Under the hybrid method, the per share value calculated under the three scenarios are weighted based on expected exit outcomes and the quality of the information specific to each allocation methodology to arrive at a final estimated fair value per share of the common stock before a DLOM is applied. The March 31, 2019 Valuation (i) assigned a 70% probability of occurrence to the trade-sale scenario, with a 79% volatility rate and a 1.9-year weighted average estimated term applied within the OPM, then reflected a DLOM of 30%; and (ii) assigned a 20% probability of occurrence to the IPO scenario, with a 30% discount rate and a 0.7-year estimated term to an IPO event, then reflected a DLOM of 12.5%. The liquidation scenario was weighted at 10% with no value allocated to the common stock for this scenario. The March 31, 2019 Valuation also took into consideration clinical data from the unblinding of the Company’s Phase 1 clinical trial for its primary product candidate, FX-322, in late January 2019 as well as the signing of a letter of intent on March 28, 2019 with Astellas Pharma, Inc. (“Astellas”) for a corporate collaboration centered around FX-322. Further, it also reflects that the Company was actively seeking a lead investor for its Series C preferred stock crossover financing, did not execute a term sheet until May 21, 2019, and did not fill out the financing syndicate until some time thereafter. The closing of this crossover financing was contingent on the closing of the corporate partnership with Astellas. August 2, 2019 and August 18, 2019 Option Grants. The Board determined that the fair value of the Company’s common stock was $1.11 per share as of August 2, 2019 and August 18, 2019 based on input from management, the objective and subjective factors that it believed were relevant and the results of the July 19, 2019 Valuation. The July 19, 2019 Valuation was prepared taking into account the sale of shares of the Company’s Series C preferred stock to new and existing investors on July 17, 2019 at a price of $1.57 per share for total consideration of $62.0 million. In the July 19, 2019 Valuation, the independent third-party valuation specialist used a hybrid back-solve method considering two scenarios in a PWERM framework and using the OPM to allocate value in one of the scenarios. The scenarios included: a trade-sale scenario predicated on the Company’s Series C financing and an IPO scenario with reference to guideline IPO transactions. Under the hybrid method, the per share value calculated under the two scenarios are weighted based on expected exit outcomes and the quality of the information specific to each allocation methodology to arrive at a final estimated fair value per share of the common stock before a CONFIDENTIAL TREATMENT HAS BEEN REQUESTED BY FREQUENCY THERAPEUTICS, INC. September 13, 2019 Page 5 DLOM is applied. The July 19, 2019 Valuation (i) assigned a 40% probability of occurrence to the trade-sale scenario, with a 79% volatility rate and a 1.5-year weighted average estimated term applied within the OPM, then reflected a DLOM of 30%; and (ii) assigned a 60% probability of occurrence to the IPO scenario, with a 25% discount rate and a 0.2-year estimated term to an IPO event, then reflected a DLOM of 10%. The July 19, 2019 Valuation also took into consideration the execution of the corporate collaboration with Astellas on July 17, 2019 and the confidential submission of the Registration Statement on July 19, 2019. September 11, 2019 Option Grants. The Board determined that the fair value of the Company’s common stock was $1.58 per share as of September 11, 2019 based on input from management, the objective and subjective factors that it believed were relevant and the results of the September 6, 2019 Valuation. The September 6, 2019 Valuation was prepared taking into account the sale of shares of the Company’s Series C preferred stock to new and existing investors on July 17, 2019 at a price of $1.57 per share for total consideration of $62.0 million. In the September 6, 2019 Valuation, the independent third-party valuation specialist used a hybrid back-solve method considering two scenarios in a PWERM framework and using the OPM to allocate value in one of the scenarios. The scenarios included: a trade-sale scenario predicated on the Company’s Series C financing and an IPO scenario with reference to guideline IPO transactions. Under the hybrid method, the per share value calculated under the two scenarios are weighted based on expected exit outcomes and the quality of the information specific to each allocation methodology to arrive at a final estimated fair value per share of the common stock before a DLOM is applied. The September 6, 2019 Valuation (i) assigned a 15% probability of occurrence to the trade-sale scenario, with a 79% volatility rate and a 1.5-year weighted average estimated term applied within the OPM, then reflected a DLOM of 30%; and (ii) assigned a 85% probability of occurrence to the IPO scenario, with a 25% discount rate and a 0.24-year estimated term to an IPO event, then reflected a DLOM of 2.5%. The September 6, 2019 Valuation also took into consideration the execu