SEC Company Response from SPSS INC (CIK 0000869570) — Dec 19, 2005
SPSS INC (CIK 0000869570)
Date: Dec. 19, 2005 · CIK: 0000869570 · Accession: 0000950137-05-015063
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File numbers found in text: 000-22194
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[MW LETTERHEAD]
December 19, 2005
Securities and Exchange Commission
100 F Street, N.E.
Washington, D.C. 20549
Attention: Kathleen Collins
Accounting Branch Chief
Re: SPSS Inc.
Form 10-K for the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2004
Filed March 16, 2005 and amended on April 22, 2005
File No. 000-22194
Dear Ms. Collins:
On behalf of our client, SPSS Inc. ("SPSS" or the "Company"), set forth below
are the Company's responses to the questions and comments contained in the
letter (the "Comment Letter"), dated December 13, 2005, from the staff (the
"Staff") of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "Commission"). The
Comment Letter relates to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with
the Commission on March 16, 2005, for the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2004
(the "2004 Form 10-K"). The paragraph number below corresponds to the numbered
paragraph in the Comment Letter. For your convenience, prior to our response, we
have duplicated the exact text of the question or comment from the Comment
Letter to which it relates.
FORM 10-K FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2004
NOTE (7) ACQUISITIONS AND DIVESTITURES
DIVESTITURES, PAGE 59
1. WE NOTE YOUR RESPONSE TO OUR PRIOR COMMENTS. TELL US HOW YOU DETERMINED
THAT THE GAIN ON SALE FROM THE SIGMA-SERIES BUSINESS SHOULD BE RECOGNIZED
AT THE TIME YOU ENTERED THE ARRANGEMENT WITH SYSTAT AND THAT THIS
TRANSACTION RESULTED IN THE CULMINATION OF THE EARNINGS PROCESS.
SPECIFICALLY ADDRESS THE THREE YEAR DISTRIBUTION RIGHTS AND LICENSE
ARRANGEMENT THAT WAS PART OF THE DIVESTITURE AND AS NOTED IN YOUR RESPONSE,
YOUR SIGNIFICANT CONTINUING INVOLVEMENT, SUCH AS YOUR LEGAL OBLIGATION TO
PROVIDE MAINTENANCE AND YOUR LEGAL LIABILITY AS IT RELATES TO THIRD PARTY
PRODUCTS EMBEDDED IN THE SIGMA-SERIES PRODUCT LINE. ALSO, EXPLAIN THE
CIRCUMSTANCES, IF ANY, THAT WOULD RESULT IN A RETURN OF ALL OR A PORTION OF
THE $13 MILLION ARRANGEMENT FEE FROM SYSTAT. IN YOUR RESPONSE REFERENCE THE
AUTHORITATIVE LITERATURE THAT SUPPORTS YOUR ACCOUNTING.
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RESPONSE: SPSS determined that the gain on sale from the Sigma-Series
business should be recognized at the time (November 5, 2003) that SPSS
entered into the Software Distribution and Asset Purchase Agreement (the
"Agreement") with Systat Software, Inc. ("Systat"). SPSS made this
determination because this was the date that this transaction resulted in
the culmination of the earnings process. SPSS made this determination in
accordance with SFAS 144 and Statement of Financial Concepts No. 5,
Recognition and Measurement in Financial Statements of Business Enterprises
(SFAC No. 5). SPSS also considered the SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin:
Codification of Staff Accounting Bulletin Topic 5(E), Accounting for
Divestiture of a Subsidiary or Other Business Operation. In particular,
Paragraph 83 of SFAC No. 5 provides the following:
"Revenues and gains of an enterprise during a period are generally
measured by the exchange of values of the assets (goods or services)
or liabilities involved, and recognition involves consideration of two
factors (a) being realized or realizable and (b) being earned...
a. Realized or realizable. Revenues and gains are not recognized
until realized or realizable. Revenues and gains are realized
when products (goods or services), merchandise, or other assets
are exchanged for cash or claims to cash....
b. Earned. Revenues are not recognized until earned. An entity's
revenue-earning activities involve delivering or producing goods,
rendering service, or other activities that constitute its
ongoing major or central operations, and revenues are considered
to have been earned when the entity has substantially
accomplished what it must do to be entitled to the benefits
represented by the revenues...."
SPSS believes that both of the above-listed gain recognition criteria were
satisfied at the date SPSS entered into the Agreement with Systat.
Realizability Criteria Factor
The realizability criteria factor was satisfied because the Agreement
clearly established cash to be exchanged upon the consummation of the
transaction. In connection with the execution of the Agreement, SPSS
received $9 million, or 69%, of the $13 million owed thereunder. The
Agreement provided that SPSS would receive an additional $2 million of the
$13 million payments in February 2004 and an additional $1 million of the
$13 million payments in December 2004. As such, SPSS correctly anticipated
that within the first two months after the date of the Agreement, SPSS
would receive $11 million, or 85%, of the $13 million owed and within 12
months after the date of the Agreement, SPSS would receive $12 million, or
92%, of the $13 million owed. With respect to remaining $1 million due in
December 2005, SPSS deferred gain recognition until the date received
(currently anticipated in December 2005). SPSS deferred gain recognition on
this amount due to uncertainty of collection as the amount was scheduled
for payment more than two years after the date of the Agreement. This
treatment is consistent with paragraph 84(g) of SFAC No. 5 which provides
the following:
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"If collectibility of assets received for product, services, or
other assets is doubtful, revenues and gains may be recognized on
the basis of cash received."
Earned Criteria Factor
The earned criteria factor was deemed to be satisfied at the date SPSS
entered into the Agreement because SPSS had no further obligations to
Systat under the Agreement. Moreover, there were no circumstances which
would provide Systat with a right of return on any of the $13 million when
paid.
SPSS did fulfill all obligations to Systat as of date of the Agreement.
While, from a legal point of view, SPSS maintained significant continuing
involvement with the Sigma-Series Product Line subsequent to the sale, this
continuing involvement was solely contingent upon Systat's success in
contract execution. Specifically, SPSS's continuing involvement resulted
from the following:
o In connection with the Sigma-Series Transaction, SPSS had granted
Systat a three-year license for the Sigma-Series Product Line (the
"3-Year License"). During the 3-Year License, SPSS remains the
licensee of certain third party products embedded in the Sigma-Series
Product Line and maintains legal liability with regard thereto. If
Systat were to misuse or perform some other illegal act with regard to
these third party products, SPSS would be liable for Systat's actions.
SPSS did not transfer the legal rights to the license for the embedded
products because these third party products are inextricably linked to
SPSS's ability to operate the business associated with the
Sigma-Series Product Line if either Systat does not exercise its
purchase option or SPSS has to terminate the Agreement due to
nonperformance.
o Unless and until Systat exercises its purchase option, SPSS remains
the legal owner of the Sigma-Series Product Line. SPSS is the party
that entered into maintenance agreements with customers of the
Sigma-Series Product Line. As the legal owner of the Sigma-Series
Product Line and the contractual maintenance provider, SPSS is
required to intervene if Systat failed to satisfy certain obligations
to the customers of the Sigma-Series Product Line. For example, if
Systat fails to provide maintenance to the customers of the
Sigma-Series Product Line, such action would constitute a breach of
the Agreement. If Systat does not cure this breach within the
requisite 30-day period, SPSS would be able to terminate Systat's
rights under the Agreement. SPSS would then be required to continue
all legal obligations with regard to the Sigma-Series Product Line and
the customers of the Sigma-Series Product Line.
It is important to note that SPSS maintains its continuing involvement
described above from a legal point of view, and that this continuing legal
obligation exists regardless of the fact that SPSS sold all of the assets
related to the Sigma-Series Product Line to Systat. As provided by the
Sigma-Series Transaction, in addition to granting the 3-Year License, the
Agreement provided for the sale to Systat of all assets related to the
business
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surrounding the Sigma-Series Product Line. Pursuant to the Agreement, SPSS
sold the following assets to Systat: (i) furniture in the SPSS Germany
office that was owned by SPSS, (ii) computer and telephone equipment in the
California facility and Germany office, (iii) SPSS's rights and obligations
with respect to certain employees located in Germany and California and
(iv) SPSS's rights and obligations under the lease to the office space
located in Germany. SPSS also transferred to Systat all rights and
obligations with respect to customers and personnel and all fixed assets
related to the Sigma-Series Product Line. Accordingly, pursuant to the
Agreement, Systat assumed all responsibilities for the marketing and sales
of the Sigma-Series Product Line as well as its ongoing development and
technical support. Therefore, as stated above, while SPSS maintained
continuing involvement with the Sigma-Series Product Line subsequent to
this sale, this continuing involvement was solely contingent upon Systat's
success in contract execution.
While SPSS concluded that it maintained this significant continued
involvement, there were no circumstances that would result in a return of
all or a portion of the cash paid or to be paid by Systat. Moreover,
consistent with SFAS No 5, Accounting for Contingencies, SPSS believed
that, at the date of the Agreement and subsequent periods, SPSS's
likelihood of being required to intervene to provide maintenance was deemed
to be remote because Systat was already a software company that had
procedures in place for supporting, selling and maintaining software
products. Because SPSS concluded the likelihood to provide maintenance on
Systat's behalf was remote, SPSS did not include liability provision for
any potential customer maintenance on Sigma-Series Product Line.
Since both of the gain recognition criteria factors were satisfied, SPSS
concluded that the gain on the sale of the Sigma-Series Product Line should
be recognized in November 2003 and that the transaction resulted in the
essential culmination of the earnings process.
In evaluating its position, SPSS also considered the "SEC Staff Accounting
Bulletin: Codification of Staff Accounting Bulletins," Topic 5(E),
Accounting for Divestiture of a Subsidiary or Other Business Operation. In
particular, Topic 5(E) provides the following:
"In assessing whether the legal transfer of ownership of one or
more business operations has resulted in a divestiture for
accounting purposes, the principal consideration must be an
assessment of whether the risks and other incidents of ownership
have been transferred to the buyer with sufficient certainty.
When the facts and circumstances are such that there is a
continuing involvement by the seller in the business, recognition
of the transaction as a divestiture for accounting purposes is
questionable. Such continuing involvement may take the form of
effective veto power over major contracts or customers,
significant voting power on the board of director, or other
involvement in the continuing operations of the business
entailing business risks or managerial authority similar to that
of ownership.
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Other circumstances may raise questions concerning whether the
incidents of ownership have, in substance, been transferred to
the buyer. These include:
o Absence of significant financial investment in the business
by the buyer, as evidenced, for instance, by a token down
payment;
o Repayment of debt which constitutes the principal
consideration in the transaction is dependent on future
successful operations of the business; or
o The continued necessity for debt or contract performance
guarantees on behalf of the business by the seller."
In the factual example set forth in Topic 5(E), the buyer did not make a
significant financial investment in the business, and the selling company
both remained contingently liable for performance obligations and made
certain debt and contract performance guarantees. The SEC concluded that
accounting for the transaction as a divestiture did not reflect its
economic substance and was not appropriate. The facts surrounding the
Sigma-Series Transaction are entirely distinguishable from the factual
example set forth in Topic 5(E).
In the Sigma-Series Transaction, Systat immediately made a significant
financial investment in the Sigma-Series Product Line. As noted above, in
connection with the execution of the Agreement, Systat paid $9 million, or
69%, of the $13 million owed to SPSS under the Agreement. In addition,
pursuant to the terms of the Agreement, SPSS correctly anticipated that
within the first two months after the date of the Agreement, Systat would
pay to SPSS an additional $2 million (for a total of $11 million, or 85%,
of the $13 million owed). Finally, pursuant to the terms of the Agreement,
SPSS correctly anticipated that within one year after the date of the
Agreement, Systat would pay to SPSS an additional $1 million (for a total
of $12 million, or 92%, of the $13 million owed). Further, SPSS fully
transferred the rewards, the associated risks and the other incidents of
ownership to Systat with certainty at the date of the Agreement. As stated
above, SPSS sold to Systat all of the assets related to the business
surrounding the Sigma-Series Product Line, all rights and obligations with
respect to customers and personnel and all fixed assets related to the
Sigma-Series Product Line. Systat assumed all responsibilities for the
marketing and sales of the Sigma-Series Product Line as well as its ongoing
development and technical support. Therefore, as stated above, while SPSS
maintained continuing involvement with the Sigma-Series Product Line
subsequent to the sale from a legal point of view, this continuing
involvement was solely contingent upon Systat's success in contract
execution. There were no circumstances that would result in a return of all
or a portion of the cash paid or to be paid by Systat and SPSS did not
incur any debt or contract performance guarantees. Accordingly, SPSS
concluded that the gain on sale from the Si