SEC Company Response from PAPERCLIP SOFTWARE INCE (CDSG) (CIK 0000946112) (CDSG) — Sep 7, 2005
PAPERCLIP SOFTWARE INCE (CDSG) (CIK 0000946112)
Date: Sept. 7, 2005 · CIK: 0000946112 · Accession: 0001061737-05-000012
AI Filing Summary & Sentiment
File numbers found in text: 000-26598
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PAPERCLIP SOFTWARE, INC.
611 ROUTE 46 WEST
HASBROUCK HEIGHTS, NJ 07604
September 7, 2005
VIA EDGAR
Mr. Stephen Krikorian, Branch Chief
Division of Corporation Finance
U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission
100 F Street, NE
Washington, D.C. 20549
Re: PaperClip Software, Inc. (the "Company")
Form 10-KSB for the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2004
Form 10-QSB for the Fiscal Quarter Ended March 31, 2005
File No. 000-26598
Dear Mr. Krikorian:
Set forth below are our responses to the comments contained in the letter
("Comment Letter") of the staff (the "Staff") of the Division of Corporation
Finance of the Securities and Exchange Commission dated August 18, 2005 to Mr.
William Weiss of the Company with respect to the above-referenced filings. The
following also reflects a telephone conversation between Mr. Christopher White,
Staff Accountant, and the Company's accountant Andrew Freund, that took place on
Friday, September 2, 2005. The numbered responses set forth below correspond to
the paragraphs of the Comment Letter, which bear the same numbers.
Annual Report on Form 10-KSB for the Year Ended December 31, 2004
Item 6. Management's Discussion and Analysis or Plan of Operation
Statement Regarding Critical Accounting Policies, page 17
1. When determining the extent of disclosure required under SEC Release
33-8350 Sections I.E and V, the following was considered:
The allowance for doubtful accounts as of December 31, 2004 consisted of
(a) a general reserve for doubtful accounts, and (b) a reserve for litigation
relating to the payment of delinquent accounts receivable. The general reserve
portion was not determined to be a significant estimate, nor would it require
separate disclosure as a critical accounting estimate. The reserve for the
aforementioned litigation, as disclosed in Note 7 to the financial statements,
reflects an isolated situation involving one customer. As discussed with Mr.
White on September 2, 2005, the Company believes that, due to the specific
nature of this portion of the reserve, this estimate, while involving matters
susceptible to change, does not reflect the type of systematic estimates typical
of critical accounting estimates, and any further disclosure in the
"management's discussion and analysis" section would be repetitive and
duplicative to disclosures made via reference to the notes to the financial
statements.
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With respect to the recognition/realization of deferred revenues, the
Company believes that the underlying calculations for deferred revenues are
generally straightforward (i.e., deferred revenues are generally recognized as
income over the course of the applicable contracts on a formulaic basis). In
general, the only aspect of the recognition/realization of deferred revenues
that is susceptible to change is the allocation of revenue to the appropriate
fiscal period, and as such, does not involve the type of estimates indicative of
critical accounting estimates.
Note 5-Debt, page 10
2. We have attached a copy of the opinion of counsel requested by the Staff
in the Comment Letter.
We hope the above satisfactorily responds to your comments. Please do not
hesitate to contact Andrew Freund, the Company's accountant, at (718) 633-4680
should you have any questions regarding the foregoing.
Very truly yours,
/s/ William Weiss
William Weiss,
Chief Executive Officer and
Principal Financial Officer
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ON DECHERT LLP LETTERHEAD
September 7, 2005
Mr. William Weiss
Chief Executive Officer, Treasurer and Director
PaperClip Software, Inc.
611 Route 46 West
Hasbrouck Heights, NJ 07604
Re: Statute of Limitations
Dear Mr. Weiss:
In connection with the extinguishment of a portion of the accounts payable
of PaperClip Software, Inc., a Delaware corporation ("PaperClip") with respect
to fiscal years 2003 and 2004, you have asked whether the enforcement against
PaperClip of its accounts payable to certain vendors (the "Vendors") who
rendered services to PaperClip more than six years prior to the dates on which
such accounts payable were extinguished by PaperClip would be barred by the
applicable statute of limitations, and whether a court of proper jurisdiction
would find that PaperClip could successfully avoid payment to such Vendors in
respect of such accounts payable due to the statute of limitations. We
understand from your representations to us that such services were in the nature
of printing services, computer services, health insurance and public relations.
Based upon your representations to us, we have assumed the following, for
purposes of this opinion:
1. that the laws of either New York or New Jersey would apply;
2. that any written agreements which may have been entered into between
PaperClip and any of the Vendors regarding the provision of such services, were
dated more than six years prior to the dates on which the related accounts
payable were extinguished by PaperClip;
3. that the services provided by the Vendors were completed more than six
years prior to the dates on which the related accounts payable were extinguished
by PaperClip;
4. that there were no payments made against any of the outstanding accounts
payable during the six years prior to the dates on which the related accounts
payable were extinguished by PaperClip;
5. that there were no written acknowledgments by PaperClip to any of the
Vendors of the amounts owing or its intent to pay all or any portion of any of
the accounts payable during the six years prior to the dates on which the
related accounts payable were extinguished by PaperClip;
6. that none of the accounts payable is evidenced by a written instrument
under seal; and
7. that PaperClip did not take steps to impede or prevent any Vendor from
identifying or asserting claims against PaperClip.
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Effect of the New York Statute of Limitations
We understand from your representations to us that certain of the
arrangements PaperClip had with the Vendors may have been governed by New York
law. The provision of the New York statute of limitations that applies to
contracts, which would govern payables for services rendered, provides that an
action based upon a contractual obligation or liability, express or implied,
must be commenced within six years. N.Y. Civil Practice Law and Rules Sec. 213
(McKinney 2003). New York case law provides that the six year period runs from
the date the cause of action accrues, which in the case of the Vendors, would
generally be the date the services were completed and payment was first due. See
Kramer, Levin, Nessen, Kamin & Frankel v. Aronoff, 638 F. Supp. 714, 722
(S.D.N.Y. 1986) ("Both account stated and quantum meruit are claims based on a
contract implied in law, and both are governed by N.Y. CPLR Sec. 213(2).").
New York courts will dismiss actions seeking payment for services performed
as time barred where service providers, such as the Vendors, bring an action for
an account stated or for quantum meruit more than six years after the date of
the statement or their services were last performed, respectively. Id. ("The
statute of limitations begins to run on an account stated on the day of the
statement. It begins to run on a claim for quantum meruit when the final service
has been performed."). In Lord Day & Lord, Barrett, Smith v. Broadwall
Management, Inc., 187 Misc. 2d 518, 713 N.Y.S.2d 629 (2001), the court affirmed
an order granting defendant's motion to dismiss plaintiff's action as time
barred where the services were last performed on September 30, 1993, but the
plaintiff did not commence the action by September 30, 1999. See also Stewart v.
Stuart, 262 A.D.2d 396 (App. Div. 2d Dep't. 1999) ("Since the plaintiff failed
to commence an action based upon his account stated within six years after the
date upon which he completed his services for the defendant and began mailings
of the statements of account, the court correctly concluded that this cause of
action is time-barred.").
We understand from your representations to us that at the time PaperClip
extinguished a portion of its accounts payable in March 2004 and March 2005 (as
reflected on its financial statements for fiscal years 2003 and 2004,
respectively), more than six years had elapsed from the dates services were
completed and payment was due. If the Vendors were to bring an account stated
and/or quantum meruit cause of action after the expiration of the six year
period, New York law would compel the dismissal of their claim as time barred.
In Stewart, the court rejected plaintiff's contention that the "rendering of
bills subsequent to the date upon which services were complete began the Statute
of Limitations running anew each time these bills were generated." Stewart 262
A.D.2d at 397. Thus, applying the holding in Stewart, even if the Vendors had
sent statements of account in the ensuing period, their cause of action would,
nonetheless, be dismissed. In short, with respect to arrangements governed by
New York law, PaperClip's payment obligations to the Vendors are avoidable
because any action brought by the Vendors to enforce payment would be dismissed
due to the statute of limitations for such actions having elapsed.
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Effect of the New Jersey Statute of Limitations
We understand from your representations to us that certain of the
arrangements PaperClip had with the Vendors may have been governed by New Jersey
law. The provision of the New Jersey statute of limitations that applies to
contracts, which would govern payables to vendors for services rendered,
provides that an action "for recovery upon a contractual claim or liability,
express or implied ..shall be commenced within 6 years next after the cause of
any such action shall have accrued." N.J.S.A. 2A:14-1. Statutes of limitations,
in the words of one New Jersey court, "are vital to the welfare of society and
are consequently favored in the law, and are to be found and approved in all
systems of enlightened jurisprudence. They promote repose by giving the
necessary security and stability to human affairs." Gilliam v. Admiral Corp.,
111 N.J. Super. 370, 374 (Law. Div. 1970).
New Jersey case law provides that the six year period runs from the date
the cause of action accrues, which in the case of the Vendors, would generally
be the date the services were completed and payment was first due. "[C]ourts
have generally stated that a claim accrues, for statute of limitations purposes,
on the date on which the right to institute and maintain a suit first arose."
County of Morris v. Fauver, 153 N.J. 80, 108 (N.J. 1998) (internal citations
omitted); see also Smith v. Dowden, 7 Gummere 317, 319 (N.J. Sup. 1919) (stating
that it is a "settled rule of law that the statute of limitations begins to run
the moment that a right of action accrues.") "For purposes of determining when a
cause of action accrues so that the applicable period of limitation commences to
run, the relevant question is when did the party seeking to bring the action
have an enforceable right." Metromedia Co. v. Hartz Mountain Associates, 139
N.J. 532, 534 (N.J. 1995), citing Andreaggi v. Relis, 171 N.J. Super. 203, 235-
236 (Ch. Div. 1979). In a contract action, the six year statute of limitations
commences when the debt becomes due and payable. Guerin v. Cassidy, 38 N.J.
Super. 454, 460 (Ch. Div. 1955); see also Haardt v. Farmer's Mut. Fire Ins. Co.
of Salem County, 796 F. Supp. 804, 807 (D.N.J. 1992) (affirming summary judgment
dismissing breach of contract claim on the ground that it was barred by the six
year statute of limitations governing contract actions). In short, with respect
to arrangements governed by New Jersey law, PaperClip's payment obligations to
the Vendors are avoidable because any action brought by the Vendors to enforce
payment would be dismissed due to the statute of limitations for such actions
having elapsed.
We express no opinion herein as to, or the effect or applicability of, any
laws other than the laws of the State of New York and the State of New Jersey.
On the basis of the foregoing, and subject to the assumptions,
qualifications and limitations set forth in this opinion, we are of the view
that the enforcement of the claims of the Vendors described in this opinion
would be barred by the statute of limitations, and that a court of proper
jurisdiction would find that PaperClip could successfully avoid payment to such
Vendors due to the statute of limitations.
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This opinion is rendered to you as of the date hereof and we undertake no
obligation to advise you of any change in any matters herein, whether legal or
factual, after the date hereof. This opinion is not to be used, circulated,
quoted or otherwise referred to for any other purpose without our express prior
written consent, and no party other than you is entitled to rely on it.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, however, copies of this opinion in its entirety
may be provided to PaperClip's auditors, Sobel & Co., LLC, and to the U.S.
Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to a request contained in a letter
to you dated August 18, 2005.
Very truly yours,
DECHERT LLP
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